Patricia Hului

Patricia Hului is a Kayan who wants to live in a world where you can eat whatever you want and not gain weight.

She grew up in Bintulu, Sarawak and graduated from the University Malaysia Sabah with a degree in Marine Science.

She is currently obsessed with silent vlogs during this Covid-19 pandemic.

Due to her obsession, she started her Youtube channel of slient vlogs.

Follow her on Instagram at @patriciahului, Facebook at Patricia Hului at Kajomag.com or Twitter at @patriciahului.

10 times when Chinese YouTuber Li Ziqi impressed us with her life skills

If you are looking for an example of sustainable living, watch Li Ziqi living her life on her YouTube videos.

Living in a rural part of Sichuan province in southwestern China, this Chinese internet celebrity makes everything from scratch and films it in a very artistic way which oozes a Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon type of serenity.

She told Goldthread in a rare interview in Sept 2019 that she simply wanted people in the city to know where their food comes from.

While her talents in the kitchen making food is impressive, her life skills of crafting and making something are equally awe-inspiring.

Here are ten times when Li Ziqi blew our minds with her skills:

10 times when Chinese YouTuber Li Ziqi impressed us with her life skills
Li Ziqi. Credits: Youtube

1.When Li Ziqi made an entire cloak from wool

Viewers can watch the whole process of processing the wool, drying it , winding it with a spool, dyeing it and finally knitting the wool into a cloak.

According to the video description, she incorporated braiding into the knitting technique (meaning braid first and then knit) for everyone’s convenience.

Additionally, she said it was an easy and simple way for making clothing, blankets and scarves.

Perhaps Li Ziqi’s definition of ‘easy’ is completely different from the rest of us.

2.When she made one whole living room furniture set out of bamboo

This YouTuber never failed to surprise us with her life skills and in this video, she actually made one whole set of furniture from bamboo.

So where did she gets her bamboo from? She harvested them by herself, of course.

It is so impressive to watch her, from dragging all the bamboo, from the forest to sawing and putting everything together.

3.When she built her own oven like a badass

One of the perks of building your own oven is that you can shape it however you want. Here Li Ziqi decided to build her oven in the shape of a cute dog head.

Like all of her videos where she does not speak to the camera explaining to her audience what is she doing, in this video viewers are also left with lots of questions. For instance, what are the function of the glass bottles? Why mix the clay with the grass straw?

But who actually cares right? Nobody is going to build his own clay oven after watching the video.

Watch the video here.

4.When she makes shoes for her grandma

Remember those days when people used to make their own shoes? You don’t remember? Me neither.

In this video, viewers can see the tedious work that goes into making your own shoes. At the end of the video, some viewers might thank the heavens above that there are shoe outlets and factories to make shoes nowadays.

Watch the video here.

5.When Li Ziqi made her own woodblock printing

Woodblock printing in China has been around since the 7th century. It is a method used on textiles and later paper to publish books and other texts.

Here Li Ziqi makes her own woodblocks to print a letter. Again, another tedious job of carving the letters out (in Chinese calligraphy, remember!) to make small wooden stamps that only people like Li Ziqi has the patience to do.

Watch the video here.

6.When she reared silkworms to make a quilt out of silk

Here Li Ziqi introduces her viewers to sericulture or silk farming where she cultivates silkworms to produce silk. Did you know that silk was believed to have first been produced in China as early as the Neolithic Period?

We might not know how long it took for her to rear them, harvest the silk and then turn them into a comforter, pants and shirt for her grandma. But we do know that she needs to place the silkworms and mulberry leaves on trays, then put the silkworms on twig frames for them to form cocoons.

Once the cocoons are ready, she soaks them and winds the silk on spools. She then stretches them before sewing them into a comforter.

Watch the video here.

7.When Li Ziqi dyed a dress from grape peels

Every culture has its own natural dyes, whether they are derived from the leaves, roots or fruits of a plant that are used to colour food or textile.

While artificial colouring is widely available, it seems like we are going back to the olden days. This is because natural dye is in the ‘in’ thing now as it is more environmentally-friendly.

If you are looking to dye your textile using a commonly found natural ingredient, try grape peels like Li Ziqi did.

Watch the video here.

8.When she took up Shu embroidery, a traditional Chinese craft

It is never too late to take a traditional craft skill. Take it from Li Ziqi who took classes with a Shu embroidery master to learn this ancient skill.

Also know as Sichuan embroidery, it is among the oldest known embroidery styles in Chinese history.

Using satin cloth and coloured silk thread, the handwork is painstakingly refined.

Watch the video here.

9.When she makes cosmetics the Chinese traditional way

If you are wondering how did the Chinese actresses in your old kungfu dramas have full makeup? This video will answer your questions.

It also tells you how the red paper used as lipstick in period drama was made.

Watch the video here.

10.When Li Ziqi made her own aromatherapy

Li Ziqi is known for her cinematic, captivating scenery in her videos. This video of her making aromatic dew is perhaps one of her most beautifully shot videos.

Watch her collect magnolia lilies, roses, grapefruit flowers, rosemary and Centella leaves and purify them to collect their essences.

Watch the video here.

Do you have any favourite videos of Li Ziqi? Let us know in the comment box.

How to support your friend’s online business

The best thing about online businesses is that you can start one without having any startup capital. That is why many have turned to online business as a means of income or just to earn some extra dough.

Besides selling your own product and services online, other types of online businesses include dropshipping, blogging and making online videos.

Everyone has at least one or two friends in their circle who are making their money through online businesses.

Be a good friend and show your support with these easy ways:

How to support your friend’s online business
Many have turned to online businesses as an extra source of income.

1.Do not just click ‘Like’, leave a comment on their social media pages, especially Facebook.

Fine, you have shown your support by clicking the ‘like’ button on your friend’s post. But you know what is better? Leaving a comment.

Every social media platform has its own unique algorithm to curate unique content for every one of its users. In other words, what appears on your feed is different from your friend’s feeds even if you are following the same accounts.

If it is on Facebook, the best way to show your support is leaving an engaging comment on their posts.

Facebook occasionally updates their algorithm, but the bottom line of its news feed algorithm is ‘meaningful interactions’.

Be a conversation starter on your friends’ online business page. If they are asking your feedback or opinion on something, leave a comment or tag another friend to talk about it.

The more interaction an online business has on Facebook, the more visible their posts are on their followers’ news feed.

2.Share the link not only on social media but on other platforms as well

It doesn’t matter if they are selling cosmetics or starting a vlog on YouTube, share the link! Share it to your family and friends. If you are active on LinkedIn, Quora or Reddit and you see a question or topic relevant to your friend’s online business, share the link.

Be honest and do not sound ‘spammy’. Let say someone is asking for travel recommendation on Quora, answer honestly “Hey, my friend has been there! You can check out her travel video if you want.”

Or someone is looking for a product, you can honestly answer “Look my friend has a homemade cosmetic line, you can check it out.”

3.Buy their products/watch their videos/read their blogs

If you can afford your friends’ product, then show your support by buying them.

Let’s say your friend has published videos online, watch them. Here is a trick, you can put them on a playlist and play the videos (and mute them) even when you are busy.

If there is an ad, watch the ad. YouTubers, for instance, make money based on people’s engagement with the ad. This means they only earn money if someone click their ads or watches an ad for more than 30 seconds.

How about if your friend is running a website or a blog? Then log on to their site, even if you have clicked them before. If there is an ad that interests you, click on it.

4.Offer feedback

Once you have experienced your friend’s products, give some feedback. Leave a review on their website or social media pages. Talk to your friends personally on what you think about their products.

How to support your friend’s online business
Buy through your friends.

5.Talk about your friend’s online business with other people.

If you have a chance to talk about your friend’s business with other people, then tell them about it. Remember them during your business or personal conversation.

Suggest them to others if you truly believe in their products. One of the ways to support your friends in growing their business is through word-of-mouth.

How Apai Saloi, the trickster, makes Loki look like a noob

During a particularly fruitful durian season, Tambap or better known as Apai Saloi made plenty of tempoyak (fermented durian) with his family.

Looking at their work, Apai Saloi had an idea of selling their tempoyak to the people who lived up and down the Gelong River.

He told Indai Saloi (whose name was Chelegit) of his plan. But before he set out, he put dung below the tempoyak in all of his jars. He thought the smell must be similar, and that he would be able to sell more.

Satisfied with his handiwork, he went out to sell his tempoyak to those living in the longhouses along Gelong river.

As his longboat approached the longhouses, he began to call loudly to the people in their longhouses to come and buy his tempoyak.

Excited, for it is a family favourite even to this day, many came down to buy the tempoyak from Apai Saloi.

Apai Saloi’s fraud is uncovered

He even went as far up as Keling’s house at Panggau Libau located in the headwaters of the Gelong river. Apai Saloi’s trickery didn’t go unnoticed for long, the women discovered the dung in Apai Saloi’s tempoyak and were outraged, telling their husbands about Apai Saloi’s fraud.

In their anger, the men rushed down from the longhouse to catch him.

After they caught him, Simpurai (one of Keling’s first cousins and his head warriors) ordered Apai Saloi to be put in an iron cage to wait for his punishment.

Three days later, the people of Panggau Libau decided to take Apai Saloi downriver to throw him into the water while he still in the cage.

When they came to Lubok Wong Dalam Nerajang, a deep pool of water, they went to a nearby longhouse to inform them of what they were about to do, leaving their boat with Apai Saloi in the cage.

More victims of Apai Saloi’s fraud

When he was left alone in the boat, a man named Sabungkok came sailing down towards Apai Saloi’s boat.

Sabungkok asked him what he was doing inside the cage.

“I will go into this water to see my deceased parents and relatives in the other world,” Apai Saloi answered.

Hearing this, Sabungkok also said that he would like to meet his deceased relatives.

Apai Saloi saw his chance for escape, telling Sabungkok, “If you want to see them like me, then open this cage and come inside with me.”

Believing Apai Saloi, the poor man quickly opened the door and entered the cage.

After he had entered, Apai Saloi left and sailed away in Sabungkok’s longboat.

Shortly after Apai Saloi left, Simpurai and his friends came to the boat. They threw the cage into the water, thinking Apai Saloi was inside it.

Some weeks later, Apai Saloi accidentally bumped into Simpurai and his friends.

They were surprised to see him alive. Again, Apai Saloi took this opportunity to trick them yet again. He told them he had met his parents and other dead relatives in the other world but was able to return safely to this world.

After listening to this, many wanted to see their dead families and friends just like Apai Saloi claimed to have done.

Many cages were made for the people who wanted to be thrown into the river. Unfortunately, all of them were drowned.

How Apai Saloi, the trickster, makes Loki look like a noob
Many drowned believing in Apai Saloi’s lies.

5 things to know about Nha Trang Cathedral, Vietnam

Regardless of your religious views, an architecturally beautiful place of worship must be on a travel itinerary when visiting a new city.

So if you are visiting the Vietnamese city of Nha Trang, then you must visit its cathedral.

Here are five things you should know about the beautiful Nha Trang Cathedral:
1.It is known by many different names.

While many call it Nha Trang Cathedral, its official name is the Christ the King Cathedral. It is the mother church of the Catholic Diocese of Nha Trang in central Vietnam.

The daily masses are held at 5am and 6.30pm.

Beside the Nha Trang Cathedral, the building is also known as the Stone Church or the Mountain Church by the locals.

2.The history of Nha Trang Cathedral

The Nha Trang parish was founded in 1886 by French missionaries. On Sept 3, 1928, the construction of the church began on a small hill named Hon Mot.

The French actually used 500 mines to level the ground, hence the hill on which the cathedral is currently located was higher than it is now.

It was built entirely of stone in the French Gothic style and featured beautiful stained glass windows by Priest Louis Vallet (1869 – 1945).

After Vallet died, he was buried at the foothills of the church.

The church was was consecrated under the title of ‘Christ the King’ on Easter day, 1930.

When the Diocese of Nha Trang was created in 1960, this church was chosen as its cathedral.

3.The features of Nha Trang Cathedral

With the capacity for 600 people, the building is one of the few French architectural remnants in the city.

One of the most interesting features of the cathedral is its three bells. Cast in France in 1789, the bells are still working to this day.

The inside of the cathedral is adorned with neon lights behind its crucifix, tabernacle and statue of Mother Mary.

Meanwhile, the outside of the church has statues of French saints such as St Joan of Arc and St John Vianney.

It also has statues depicting all the 14 stations of the Way of the Cross.

4.Foreign tourists can visit the Nha Trang Cathedral for a minimal entrance fee.

Before, tourists who wanted to visit the Nha Trang Cathedral needed to register one day or at least one hour before the church opened at 8am.

However, many foreign tourists failed to do so and were refused entry.

Now, foreign tourists can conveniently enter the church compound at VND10,000 per entry.

The money collected as entrance fees are used for funding the church’s preservation and conservation efforts.

Visitors can use public transportation such as taxi or book a ride on Grab to go there.

It is a perfect place in Nha Trang to admire French architecture as well as the view of the city.

Since the cathedral is a place of worship, always remember to explore the church with respect.

5.It is a popular spot for wedding photography.

Do not be surprised if you see couples posing for cameras in the church compound.

The cathedral is a famous spot for both foreign and local couples to take their wedding photography.

With its Gothic-style stone building and its high bell tower, it makes beautiful background to commemorate your union in a wedding photo.

Scroll through the photo gallery:

The history of illegal gambling and chap ji kee in Sarawak

More than a hundred years ago, chap ji kee or chap jee ki was a famous gambling game in Sarawak. Today, you can be thrown in jail for playing the illegal gambling game of chap ji kee.

What is chap ji kee

It is believed this game started in Johor in the early 1890s before spreading to Singapore, Malaya and eventually Sarawak.

Based on the 12 game pieces from Chinese chess, each piece was assigned a number.

The gamblers then lay bets on a combination of two numbers from 1 to 12. Hence, there were 144 possible combinations.

The numbers could also be replaced with other characters such as animals or Chinese characters.

There were few ways to bet; firstly one could bet on the combination of numbers in a particular order. Winners could earn winnings up to 100 times their bets.

Secondly, the gamblers could bet two numbers to appear in either order. Win this and you get paid up to 50 times the stake.

Or gamblers could bet on one single number from either draw and get paid 20 times their stakes.

Another popular form of playing chap ji kee involved gamblers placing their bets on gaming tables and using Chinese playing cards. This version was known as chap ji kee pangjang or long chap ji kee.

The history of illegal gambling and chap ji kee in Sarawak
The longer version of chap ji kee used Chinese playing cards in their bets. Photo by Pixabay.

At first, chap ji kee was played on a board or table with gamblers staking their bets in person.

Slowly, the game evolved into collecting bets from gamblers at their homes or on the street. This was to avoid detection of authorities who prohibited the game.

In Singapore, the game was called the “housewives’ opium”. Bored housewives turned to the game as a way of bringing more excitement into their lives and provide some distraction from their daily responsibilities.

Although the women in general did not play for high stakes, the little winnings they had was satisfactory enough to buy something nice for themselves or their children.

Chap ji kee in Sarawak

In Sarawak, gambling was legalised by the Brooke government since it provided a large revenue to the state.

Some historians believed that the Brooke government could hardly do without opium and gambling.

Apart from needing the money, it was also a way for the government to keep the activities under their radar.

Back then, the Brooke government would not have had enough resources to enforce any anti-gambling laws.

At first, these gambling dens, just like the opium farms, were run by the government.

On July 1, 1885 under the issue of the Farms Order, the government opened a tender to private contractors for periods of three years.

The first company to receive the tender was Ong Ewe Hai & Co. It had the exclusive rights to open and keep gambling houses. Furthermore, they were allowed to license the opening and keeping of gambling houses within the district from Tanjung Datu to the Sadong river.

Back then, the government even assigned two policemen to keep the peace at these gambling houses in Kuching.

At first, there was no restriction on the opening hours of these gambling houses or the age of gamblers.

So young and old were welcomed to throw in their money at any given time of the day.

Restrictions on gambling

By the late 1920s, Kuching Chinese community leaders started to petition the government to put tighter rules on gambling.

Finally, the government announced their tighter restrictions in a notice which was published in the Gazette on December 1928.

The notice stated that from 1st January, 1929, public gaming would only be permitted in the following streets in Kuching; Carpenter Street, India Street, Bishopsgate Street and China Street.

On top of that, chap ji kee and those under 16 years of age were not allowed to gamble in Kuching and throughout the first division.

1929 was also the year when public gambling in Kuching would only be allowed from 4pm to 6am.

By 1930, the prohibition of chap ji kee and of gambling by those under the age of 16 was extended to the whole of Sarawak.

If gambling was legal, why was chap ji kee illegal?

According to The Sarawak Gazette writer Loh Chee Yin, it was not surprising that chap ji kee was prohibited as it caused the greatest misery among the people.

“There is no skill in the game and the dividend is high – a $1 bet will give you a return of $10, and $10 will yield $100 and so on if you are lucky,” Loh wrote.

He continued, “I remember the scene of a Chap Jee Kee den operated at a shophouse along Wayang Street during Japanese occupation period. Twelve Chinese characters were painted on a table measuring about 5 feet by 8 feet.

“The banker sat on one side of the table with two assistants standing around. Twelve similar characters were carved on ‘chips’, which were kept in a sack made of thick cloth. The banker placed his hand inside the sack and selected the character he wanted by feeling with his finger, similar to the Braille used by the blind! The chip was then hidden inside a wooden box about the size of a match box, then placed on top of the table. Each better started to put his bet on the character that he thought was in the box. Finally the banker revealed his chips and paid accordingly. The result was written on a small blackboard hung up in front of the shop. One session took about fifteen minutes.”

Chap ji kee back then and today

Loh also shared stories of gamblers sleeping in the graves of their relatives in the hopes that the dead would reveal a favourable word or a result of a chap ji kee game.

“All dreams during the night were closely examined to see whether they had any relations to the twelve characters. The bankers in their turn, made offerings to their gods, asking for protection against the spirits which might reveal the secret of his words. In short; hell of a mess,” he shared.

While chap ji kee is still a form of illegal gambling to this day, the variation of this game might be still played in private and isolated circles today.

An Iban legend about the immortal Garai and his blowpipe

Here is an Iban legend from the Batang Ai area as recorded by N.S Haile on Aug 31, 1954 in the Sarawak Gazette.

A long time ago, there was an Iban Balau man named Garai.

One day, Garai went out hunting in the Klingkang Range with his blowpipe where he bumped into a very large spirit known as Antu Gayu.

Despite the blowpipe in the spirit’s hand, Garai was not frightened by Antu Gayu as he stood his ground.

Looking at Garai’s bravery, Antu Gayu challenged him, saying, “Let us see who can stick his darts into that rock. Whoever is successful will kill the other.”

Antu Gayu then pointed at a sheer sandstone cliff located in the Klingkang range.

Garai agreed, letting Antu Gayu go first.

While the spirit was selecting three of his strongest and sharpest darts, Garai excused himself and disappeared into the babas (bushes).

It did not take him long to find a pedalai tree from which he tapped some of the sticky rubber, and wound it around the tips of his darts before returning to the spirit.

Antu Gayu shot his three darts first. Although his darts were spirit darts which are much stronger and sharper than human darts, they still could not shatter the rock.

Meanwhile, Garai’s darts stuck into the rocks thanks to the pedalai rubber.

“It seems I’m the winner. You can see my darts have all stuck in. Well, nothing remains to be done but to kill you,” Garai said to the spirit.

The spirit immediately showed himself a coward as he tried to bargain for his life.

Garai’s reward after winning the competition

An Iban legend about the immortal Garai and his blowpipe

Antu Gayu tried to offer Garai some gold to which he replied he already had plenty.

The spirit then offered him some jars and gongs and Garai also said he had plenty.

“Well then, some medicine to make you a strong walker,” Antu Gayu said.

Garai responded, “I already am a strong walker, I can go farther and faster than anyone else in this area. I think it will be the best if I just kill you.”

Again, Antu Gayu negotiated offering him the charm that would make Garai irresistible to women.

To that Garai answered that he was a happily married man, so he did not need the charm.

Finally, the spirit offered him something that he took into consideration: eternal youth.

“You’ll never get old! Never die! What do you think of that?” Antu Gayu asked.

Garai in the end agreed, “If you can make me stay young forever, I won’t kill you.”

The Antu Gayu then produced a small knife and he asked Garai to swallow it.

After feeling assured that it would not cause him any harm, Garai did as the spirit told him to do.

“Now, you will never get old. Unless, you told anybody the reason for your everlasting youth and of how you put me to shame with your blowpipe, then you will die,” said the spirit.

How the immortal Garai spent his life

So Garai went on living his life day by day without getting older. When his wife got too old, with her consent he took a younger woman as his new wife. And he continued to outlive seven of his wives.

His grandchildren and great-grandchildren all became older than him.

Like all curious grandchildren, they wondered at his immortality, and begged him to let them know his secret. After being persuaded by them, the immortal Garai decided to tell them the truth, resigned himself to death.

But first, he asked them to prepare a big feast to celebrate the end of his life.

So pigs and chickens were killed and cooked while tuak (rice wine) were brewed.

Once all the feasting was done, Garai began to tell his story on how he gained his immortality.

As he finished his storytelling, the knife that he swallowed flew out from his throat.

Suddenly there was a flash of lightning and the immortal Garai met his end by being turned into stone. Shaped like a man but smaller, people began to call it “Batu Garai”.

Legend has it the stone is now kept by the people of Marakai in Kalimantan, and that it is locked in a chest. Some people believe it has extraordinary medicinal and therapeutic properties.

Top 18 Hollywood movies to watch in 2020

Following KajoMag’s past new year tradition, we are coming up with our top 18 Hollywood movie to watch this 2020.

Before we get down to our list, we have to warn you that our list is full of sequels and remakes.

Here our Top 18 Hollywood movies to watch in the year 2020:

1.Bad Boys For Life (January 17, 2020)

As much as we are looking forward to this third and final installment in the Bad Boys trilogy, we are a little worried about how it might turn out as the original director Michael Bay is no longer on board.

Looking on the bright side, Will Smith and Martin Lawrence are back to reprise their roles as Mike Lowrey and Marcus Burnett respectively.

They both reunite in this movie when a mob boss, whose brother they defeated years ago, sets on revenge against them.

2.Birds of Prey (February 7, 2020)

This superhero movie follows Harley Quinn as she joins forces with Black Canary, Helena Bertinelli and Ranee Montoya to save Cassandra Cain from Gotham City crime lord Black Mask.

After the events of Suicide Squad, Harley Quinn left the Joker and became a vigilante.

When Black Mask places a hit on a young girl named Cassandra Cain, criminals in Gotham City turn the city upside down to look for her. And that is when Harley Quinn comes in to rescue the day.

3.A Quiet Place: Part II (March 20, 2020)

Paramount Pictures released this for the synopsis, “Following the deadly events at home, the Abbot family must now face the terrors of the outside world as they continue their fight for survival in silence. Forced to venture into the unknown, they quickly realise that the creatures that hunt by sound are not the only threats that lurk beyond the sand path.”

This sequel is written and directed by John Krasinki with Emily Blunt, Millicent Simmonds and Noah Jupe reprising their roles.

4.Mulan (March 27, 2020)

So what if there is no Mushu in this live action adaptation of Disney’s 1998 animated film of the same name? The original folklore “The Ballad of Mulan” which the movie is based on in the first place also did not have Mushu.

We are just thankful that Disney did not white-wash the movie as it boasts a host of heavyweight Chinese actors like Donny Yen, Jet Li, Gong Li besides its lead, Liu Yifei as Mulan.

5.No Time To Die (April 2020)

In this 25th installment of the James Bond Series, No Time To Die will have the world’s famous spy being forced out of retirement.

Daniel Craig as Bond retires to Jamaica after the events of Spectre. His retirement did not last long as Felix Leiter, his friend/CIA officer asks his help to look for a missing scientist.

Craig himself confirmed that this would be his final appearance as Bond.

6.The New Mutants (April 3, 2020)

Based on the Marvel Comics team of the same name, this is an upcoming horror film in the superhero genre.

It circles around a group of young mutants held in a secret facility fight to save themselves.

So how many who are the main mutants in the movie? We have Illyana Rasputin/Magik who uses teleportation discs to travel, Rahne Sinclair/Wolfsbane who is able to turn into a wolf.

Additionally, there is Sam Guthrie/ Cannonball who can propel himself into the air and is invulnerable while doing so and Roberto da Costa/Sunspot who can manipulate solar energy.

7.Black Widow (May 1, 2020)

We all know that Black Widow aka Natasha Romanoff died in the last Avengers movie, so what’s with this solo film?

This movie follows the Black Widow confronting her past following the events of Captain America: Civil War (2016).

However, what we all need to ask is how will this movie fit in with the whole Marvel Cinematic Universe?

8.Fast & Furious 9 (May 22, 2020)

Will there be enough Fast & Furious movies for the world to watch? Apparently not. This ninth installment of the movie will be starring Vin Diesel, Michelle Rodriguez, Jordana Brewster, Tyrese Gibson, Ludacris, Nathalie Emmanuel, John Cena, Helen Mirren, Charlize Theron and Michael Rooker.

If you haven’t seen the trailer, that is because it will be released on Jan 31, 2020.

9.Wonder Woman 1984 (June 5, 2020)

After watching 2017’s amazing Wonder Woman movie (twice!), we really hoped there would be a sequel.

Thankfully our prayers were answered with Gal Gadot and Chris Pine returning to their roles and Patty Jenkins coming back as the director.

We have so many questions after watching Wonder Woman 1984’s trailer that we can’t wait to have them answered.

For now all we know is that Diana will be facing Maxwell Lord (played by Pedro Pascal of The Mandalorian and GOT fame) and Cheetah (Kristen Wiig) in this sequel.

10.Top Gun: Maverick (June 26, 2020)

How long does it take to have a sequel for an iconic movie? For Top Gun (1986), apparently it takes more than 30 years.

Tom Cruise reprises his role as Maverick, now one of the Navy’s top aviators. Even if you belong to the younger generation, we bet that you have heard about Top Gun from your parents or older siblings.

Now this is the year to see what is the buzz about. Will the sequel make so much waves that we will start seeing people rock the Aviator Ray-ban sunglasses again?

11.Ghostbusters: Afterlife (July 10, 2020)

Unlike the 2016 reboot, this movie is the direct sequel to Ghostbusters (1984) and Ghostbusters II (1989).

The plot goes that after being evicted from their home, two children and their single mother move to a farm in Summerville, Oklahoma inherited from their late grandfather.

The children then discover their family’s link to the original Ghostbusters and the secret legacy that their grandfather left behind.

12.Tenet (July 17, 2020)

We only have one reason looking forward to watch this movie and that is Christopher Nolan. No other reason but Christopher Nolan.

Directed by Nolan, the movie stars John David Washington, Robert Pattinson, Elizabeth Debicki and Dimple Kapadia.

The movie circles around a secret agent who is tasked with preventing World War III through time travel.

Nolan and another time travel movie (Think Memento and Interstellar)? Just prepare to crunch your brain again.

13.Jungle Cruise (July 24, 2020)

Based on the Disney theme park attraction of the same name, Jungle Cruise is an adventure movie set during the early 20th century.

The story starts with a riverboat captain named Frank who takes a scientist and her brother on a mission into a jungle to find the Tree of Life which they believe possesses healing powers.

Their obstacles? Dangerous wild animals and a competing German expedition.

14.Morbius (July 31, 2020)

A lot of people were saying Jared Leto failed as the Joker in Suicide Squad (2016), will he fail again as Michael Morbius?

After trading DC Comics for Marvel, Leto in this movie plays a scientist suffering from a rare blood disease who attempts to cure himself.

Morbius will be the second film in Sony’s Marvel Universe after Venom.

15.The Conjuring 3: The Devil Made Me Do It (September 11, 2020)

Top 18 Hollywood movies to watch in 2020

Some said the title of this third The Conjuring movie sounds like a comedic parody of the film and we kinda agree.

Unfortunately director James Wan could not return to direct the movie due to other work commitments, but he is co-producing it.

The Curse of La Llorona director Michael Chaves sits on the director’s chair for this one with Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga reprising their roles as Ed and Lorraine Warren.

Instead of a haunted house, the couple turn their focus on a man on trial for murder who claimed he was possessed.

16.Venom 2 (October 2, 2020)

With Woody Harrelson making a brief appearance as the supervillain Cletus Kasady at the end of the first film, we knew that there would be a potential sequel.

Tom Hardy is confirmed to reprise his role as Eddie Brock/Venom, an investigative journalist who is the host of an alien symbiote.

Expect another sequel of this movie as Hardy had already confirmed to star in a third Venom movie.

17.The Eternals (November 6, 2020)

When you think Hollywood had already got over superheroes movies, here comes the 25th film in the MCU.

It is a superhero movie based on the Marvel Comics race of the same name.

The movie follows the Eternals, an immortal alien race created by the Celestials, protect humanity from their evil counterparts called the Deviants.

Previously in MCU movies, the Celestials actually are the ones who utilized the Infinity Stones as a means of power against lesser life forms.

Memorably in Guardians of the Galaxy Vol 1, Peter Quill aka Star-Lord’s father is actually a Celestial.

18.Godzilla versus Kong (November 20, 2020)

This is not the first time Godzilla encounters King Kong in a battle; it happened before in a Japanese movie way back in 1962.

Besides, this will be the fourth Godzilla film to be completely produced by a Hollywood studio.

What happen to Earth and humankind when these two legendary monsters collide in a battle?

Iban pregnancy taboos as recorded by Rev William Howell

Born on Sept 15, 1856, Reverend William Howell was a Eurasian born to a Welsh engineer named Frederick Howell and a Malay woman.

He was raised in Kuching before he left for England to study at St Augustine’s College in Canterbury.

When he returned to Sarawak in 1878, he spent most of his life preaching in the Batang Lupar area.

While doing his missionary work, Rev Howell contributed many articles on Iban folklore, culture and language.

On March 16, 1910, he published an article in The Sarawak Gazette highlighting the pregnancy taboos practiced by Iban women in the olden days.

Apart from what have listed below, there were plenty other pregnancy taboos according to Howell “of a minor character which are not worth mentioning”.

Iban pregnancy taboos as recorded by Rev William Howell

Here is a list of Iban pregnancy taboos as recorded by Rev William Howell:

1.It is forbidden for husband and wife to cut off creepers that hang over the water or the road, or else the mother would suffer from hemorrhage after delivery.

2.It is forbidden to dam a stream, to plait rattan, to make a bubu (fish trap) and to drive a nail into a board, or else the woman would have difficulty in the delivery.

3.It is forbidden to pour out oil, or else the child would suffer from inflammation of the ears.

4.The husband and wife are forbidden from fixing the hilt of the parang for fear the child will be born deaf.

5.The expecting parents are not allowed to break an egg or else the child would be blind.

6.They are not allowed to plant banana plants or else the child would be blind.

7.The husband and wife are forbidden to burn the wood of the ficus to warm themselves or else the child would be dumb.

8.They are are forbidden to kill any animals or else the child would be deformed or have a nose bleed.

9.To scrape smooth the shell of a coconut is forbidden, or else the child’s hair would not grow.

10. Not to bring a freshwater turtle into the room, if not the child would not be born.

11.Never dye anything black, or the child will be black.

12.If the woman were to go anywhere, she must return by the same way so that her child should not know how it is to be delivered.

13.The expectant mother is forbidden to eat anything in a mosquito net or else the child will be a stillborn.

14.The expectant mother is not allowed to carry any stones or the child will be paralysed.

15.Speaking of stones, the pregnant mother is not allowed to cast stones into the water, or else the child will not be delivered and the mother will die.

16.Do not bend any piece of wood into a circle or else the child will not prosper.

Animal sacrifices to ensure smooth pregnancies

Overall, the whole period of an Iban woman’s pregnancy was filled with anxiety and fear that the bad spirits (antu) might assault her and her innocent baby.

For instance, a bad dream or a small accident such as a fall was considered a sign of incoming danger during her delivery. Hence, a fowl had to be sacrificed to appease the spirit.

Back then, it was common to hear women talking about how many fowls had been killed during her pregnancy.

Do you know any other olden Iban pregnancy taboos? Let us know in the comment box.

How Dayak peacemaking ceremonies were carried out during the 19th century?

Modern day peacemaking usually has some hand-shaking gesture and official announcement in front of the media if it has gathered public interest.

In 19th century Sarawak, peacemaking ceremonies back then were somehow more interesting.

It usually involved some kind of tajau (jar) being exchanged and sometimes even human sacrifice.

Here, KajoMag looks back at how Dayak peacemaking ceremonies were carried out in the olden days of Sarawak:
1.They rip each others’ harvests to the core.

This Dayak peacemaking method was reportedly practiced by people living along the Sadong river.

The first White Rajah James Brooke stated in his personal journal, “When peace is made between them, one tribe visits the other, in order to feast together; and on these occasions, whatever the number or visitors may be, they are at liberty to use the fruits of their hosts without hindrance. At their pleasure they strip the coconuts off the trees, devour and carry away as much as they can, without offence. Of course the hosts in turn become visitors, and pay in the same coin.

“All the Dayaks are remarkably tenacious of their fruit trees; but on the occasion of the feast, beside taking the fruit, the visitors fell one tree, as a symbol of good understanding; of course it is only once that such liberties are taken or allowed. At other times it would be an affront sufficient to occasion a war.”

A Dayak peacemaking ceremony that could cause another war did not exactly served its purpose. Perhaps that is the reason why the second White Rajah Charles Brooke put an end to this tradition during his reign.

2.They sacrificed a slave as a sign of peacemaking

Well, this is a Dayak peacemaking ceremony that you definitely will never see again.

Resident O.F. Ricketts once described a Murut peacemaking ceremony where a human sacrifice involved.

He wrote, “Occasionally feuds have been settled between two tribes, the aggressors having made full compensation in payment of jars, brassware, and two slaves. It was custom to kill one of these slaves to make up for the relative lost.”

3.They sacrificed some pigs

Charles witnessed many peacemaking ceremonies during his reign. One of them took place between the Ibans from Undup and from Dutch Borneo (Kalimantan).

During the ceremony, both sides agreed that the first to draw their weapon on another in the future must be fined eight jars.

Then they sacrificed some pigs with the blood sprinkled around the ceremony. Some even took the blood home to sprinkle at their houses. This was to wash away any evil tendencies there might be hanging in the atmosphere and to appease the spirits.

4.They exchanged weapons between themselves

Just like the Iban, the Kanowit people also sacrificed a pig during their peacemaking ceremonies.

Spenser St. John recorded, “A pig was placed between the representatives of two tribes who after calling down the vengeance of the spirits on those who broke the treaty, plunged their spears into the animal and then exchanged weapons.”

The representatives then bit each other’s blades to complete the ceremony.

5.They poured the blood of fowl on themselves

St. John also witnessed a ceremony where two men who were feuding would never look at each other even when they were in the same house.

He wrote, “They refused to cast their eyes upon each other till a fowl has been kill and the blood sprinkled over them.”

The second White Rajah recorded in his book Ten Years in Sarawak that although fowl was involved in the Dayak peacemaking ceremony, no blood was sprinkled over those who were present.

They waved fowls over the heads of the guests for those who came to the ceremony “to conduce to good and friendly feeling and to prevent either party from quarreling and fighting.”

How Dayak peacemaking ceremonies were carried out during the 19th century?
Dayak Festival in a traditional Longhouse, 1846, Dutch Borneo. Illustration by C.A.L.M. Schwaner. Credits: Public Domain.

Regardless of how the signs of peacemaking were made, the ceremony usually ended with festivities.

Do you know any other ways how Sarawakians hold their peacemaking ceremony in the olden days? Let us know in the comment box.

6 environmental issues of 2019 that you should know about

Looking back at 2019, there were so many environmental issues and news happening around the world that even the most closed off person would have heard about it.

Getting to know more about these issues and doing something about them will be way more meaningful than criticizing TIME Magazine’s person of the year for 2019 Greta Thunberg and her campaign. (ahem, Trump)

As we close the year, let us all take a look back on the major environmental issues for 2019 you should know (and hopefully concerned) about:

1.Our oceans are running out of oxygen
6 environmental issues of 2019 that you should know about
The oxygen in our ocean is depleting.

While the species on land are breathing freely, the species in the oceans are slowly suffering from low level of oxygen.

In a report by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the loss of oxygen from the world’s ocean is increasingly threatening fish species and disrupting ecosystems.

Driven by climate change and nutrient pollution, ocean oxygen loss is a growing problem for species such as tuna, marlins and sharks.

These species are particularly sensitive to low oxygen because of their large size and energy demands.

They are slowly being driven into increasingly shallow surface layers of oxygen-rich water causing them to become more vulnerable to over-fishing and becoming bycatch.

On top of this, very low ocean oxygen levels can also affect basic processes like the cycling of elements crucial for life on Earth such as nitrogen and phosphorus.

2.Almost half of the world’s Heritage sites could lose their glaciers by 2100
6 environmental issues of 2019 that you should know about
Glasiers are slowly disappearing from World Heritage sites such as in the Swiss Alps.

We know that our glaciers are disappearing, but according to a study by IUCN they are disappearing from almost half of the world’s heritage sites.

These sites include Grosser Aletschgletscher in the Swiss Alps, Khumbu Glacier in the Himalayas or Greenland’s Jakobshavn Isbrae.

Researchers predicted glacier extinction by 2100 under a high emission scenario in 21 of the 46 natural World Heritage sites where glaciers are currently sites.

Even under a low emission scenario, eight of the 46 World Heritage Sites will completely lose their ice by 2100.

In order to save our glaciers, there is a need to see significant cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.

3.More and more animals are found with plastics inside their stomachs
6 environmental issues of 2019 that you should know about
2020 is the year that everyone should dispose their plastic waste properly and say ‘No’ to single-use plastic bags.

Whales, birds, deer, turtles and cows; these are among the animals found to have died from plastic ingestion this year.

Plastic pollution remained one of our top environmental issues for 2019. Clearly, we are not doing enough to curb the problem.

It is unsure if animals with plastic-filled stomachs are becoming more common sightings, or if we are more aware of the issue now.

Nonetheless, according to National Geographic, we are producing more plastics than ever.

In 1950, we produced 2.3 million tonnes of it. In 2015, we produced 448 million tonnes. Production is expected to double by 2050.

Unless we do something about our plastic pollution, we will see more and more animals with plastics in their stomachs making headlines in 2020.

4.Only one-third of the world’s longest rivers remain free-flowing
6 environmental issues of 2019 that you should know about
Just one-third of our rivers are free-flowing, some of them are blocked by a dam like this.

According to a study by scientific journal Nature, only 37% of the world’s 246 longest rivers remain free-flowing.

So what caused our river not to flow? Dams and reservoirs are greatly reducing the benefits that healthy rivers provide.

Now, only 21 of the world’s 91 rivers longer than 1,000 km still have a direct connection from source to sea.

Most of these rivers are in the Arctic, Amazon basin and the Congo basin.

Additionally, the study estimates they are about 60,000 large dams worldwide with more than 3,700 hydropower dams on the way.

Another terrifying fact is that recent analysis of 16,704 populations of wildlife globally showed that populations of freshwater species experienced the most pronounced declined of all vertebrates over the past half-century.

5.Forest fires became one of our top environmental issues for 2019
6 environmental issues of 2019 that you should know about
Forest fires are happening around the world from the Amazon to Borneo.

From Indonesia to Siberia, our forests are burning. According to Brazil’s National Institute for Space Research the number of fires in the country had jumped 84% in August this year over the same period in 2018.

Meanwhile according to Global Forest Watch, the tropics have lost some 8.9 million acres of primary rainforest.

Even Siberia is burning with massive blazes producing more than 166 tonnes of carbon dioxide in 2019. That is almost equal to the annual emission of 36 million cars!

6.One billion people will be threatened by climate change by 2050

With the oceans warming and glaciers are melting, no part of the world will be spared by rising sea-levels.

These impacts of climate change could affect one billion people by 2050.

A new United Nation (UN) report released in September 2019 makes it clear that changes will continue, and they will be irreversible even if the climate stabilizes.

For example, ice-dependent polar species such as walruses and penguins are threatened with extinction as their sea ice habitat disappears.

All photos are from Pixabay.

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